| Abstract
| - ortho-Quinone groups on the surface of graphite, glassy carbon, and carbon nanotubes can be distinguished from para-quinone surface groups using voltammetry and/or using XPS by labeling them with either an inorganic hexamminechromium(III) complex or by reacting them with organic 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives.
- ortho-Quinones can be differentiated from other oxygen-containing surface functional groups on thesurfaces of graphite, glassy carbon, “bamboo-like”, and “hollow-tube” multiwalled carbon nanotubesand single-walled carbon nanotubes by chemically labeling them with either an inorganic hexamminechromium(III) complex or organic 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives. Both types of labels can beobserved using cyclic voltammetry or by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and used to quantify thenumbers and relative distribution of ortho-quinones from other oxygen-containing species on the surfaceincluding electroactive para-quinones which are not labeled. Labeling of ortho-quinones with 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives results in the formation of phenazine-like adducts on the graphitic surfacewhich have a distinct voltammetry particularly from that of the underivatized para-quinones.
|
