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| - On-Road Emission Sampling of aHeavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle forPolychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxinsand Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
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| - The first known program to characterize mobile heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs)during actual highway and in-city driving was successfullyconducted. This technique enables a more representativemeasurement with reduced uncertainty than dynamometertesting or indirect tunnel emissions characterizations. Thepost-muffler exhaust of a diesel tractor hauling a loadedtrailer was directly sampled with a modified EPA Method 23train during on-road operation, and the measured PCDD/Femissions were related to driving conditions. The averageemission factor obtained from this work was 0.029 nginternational toxic equivalency (I-TEQ)/km. The upper limitof the 95% confidence interval provides an estimatedemission factor of 0.106 ng I-TEQ/km. These data comparefavorably to the limited data available in the literature.Target analyte nondetects were minimal and resulted inlittle impact on the calculation of I-TEQ levels. No statisticaldifference in emissions was observed as a function ofdriving route, largely as a result of the extreme variationin the two valid in-city tests. Analysis of the tractor emissionsdata showed no clear relationship between TEQ or totalPCDD/F emissions and carbon monoxide or total hydrocarbonemissions.
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