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| - Supercritical Water Oxidation of2-Chlorophenol Catalyzed by Cu2+Cations and Copper Oxide Clusters
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| - Experimentally, the selectivity to decomposition (S/D) (S/D= (amount of 2-chlorophenol (2CP) oxidized to CO2 and H2O)/(disappearance of 2CP)) ratio for oxidation of 2CP with Cu2+cations in supercritical water was greater than thatwithout any catalysts by 60%. The enhancement was dueto a fast precipitation of copper chloride in the supercriticalwater oxidation (SCWO) process. Formation of toxicbyproducts was significantly reduced. Because of aconfined environment in the channels of ZSM-5, formationof undesired heavy chlorinated phenols and PAH(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) byproducts in theSCWO of 2CP (catalyzed by CuO/ZSM-5) was also highlysuppressed. Only trace light-PAHs with a molecule size lessthan 6 Å were found in the SCWO of 2CP. CarcinogenicPAHs (heavy-PAHs) were not observed. The extended X-rayabsorption fine structural (EXAFS) spectra of the catalystshowed that the copper oxides in the channels of ZSM-5 mayform Cu3O2 clusters with Cu−Cu and Cu−O bond distancesof 2.79 and 1.91 Å, respectively. The Cu3O2 clusterswere oxidized to Cu3O4 by H2O2 in the supercritical water.Since the diffusion coefficients of copper oxide clusters(Cu3O4) in the channels of ZSM-5 was greater than that of2CP by at least 3 orders, it is possible that these clustersare relatively mobile in ZSM-5 in the SCWO process.
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