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| - Modeling Transport of Protons andCalcium Ions in an Alginate GelBead System: The Effects ofPhysical Nonequilibrium andNonlinear Competitive Sorption
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| - Solute transport in heterogeneous soil systems isdetermined by a combination of physical and chemicalprocesses. Heterogeneity can cause physical nonequilibrium,which results in asymmetrical breakthrough curves withearly initial breakthrough and tailing. In the case of reactivetransport, the shape of the breakthrough curve is alsoeffected by the sorption isotherm and by multicomponenteffects. The combined effects of physical nonequilibriumand nonlinear multicomponent chemistry are the subject ofthis study. We show how an experimental systemcomposed of alginate gel beads, together with two-regiontransport modeling, can be used to study transportphenomena in reactive heterogeneous systems. Protontransport through the gel column with ion exchange ofprotons and calcium ions was measured and simulated. Theresults show the combined effects of nonlinear sorptionand of competition, which add to the effects of physicalnonequilibrium. The results emphasize the importance of athorough understanding of both physical and chemicalprocesses for a reliable prediction of reactive solute transport.
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