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| - Influence of Contact Time onExtractability and Degradation ofPyrene in Soils
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| - In this study, temporal changes in extractability of [14C]pyrene were followed in two soils with differing organicmatter contents under sterile and nonsterile conditions over24 weeks. The nonsterile pasture soil was the onlyincubation to show significant loss of [14C]pyrene-associatedactivity over the 24-week incubation. Sequential extractionusing methanol:water (1:1), followed by 1-butanol andfinally dichloromethane−Soxhlet showed changes in therelative proportions of extractability with increased soil−PAH contact time. Significant decreases in methanol:waterand 1-butanol extractability were recorded over the 24-week incubation. The nonsterile pasture soil exhibited thegreatest decrease in 1-butanol extraction. Significantnonextractable residues were formed with increased soil−pyrene contact time in all soils, with the largest increasefound in the nonsterile pasture soil. These residueswere investigated by the alkaline extraction of the humicmaterial and saponification of the resultant humin. After 24-week soil−pyrene contact time, the bioavailability of theadded [14C]pyrene was assessed by bacterial mineralization.A comparison was made between bioavailability and theamount of 14C activity extracted by the sequential schemeof solvents. Methanol:water significantly underestimatedthe bioavailable fraction, whereas 1-butanol overestimatedthe bioavailability of the [14C]pyrene-associated activity.
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