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| - National-Scale, Field-BasedEvaluation of the Biota−SedimentAccumulation Factor Model
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| - The biota−sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) modelhas been suggested as a simple tool to predict bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in fishand other aquatic biota from measured concentrations insediment based on equilibrium partitioning between thesediment organic carbon and biotic lipid pools. Currently,evaluation of this model as a predictive tool has beenlimited to laboratory studies and small-scale field studies,using a limited number of biotic species. This studyevaluates the model, from field data, for a suite oforganochlorine HOCs from paired fluvial sediment andbiota (fish and bivalves) samples throughout the UnitedStates and over a large range of biotic species. These datarepresent a real-world, worst-case scenario of themodel because environmental variables are not controlled.Median BSAF values for fish (3.3) and bivalves (2.8)were not statistically different but are higher than theoreticallypredicted values (1−2). BSAF values varied significantlyin a few species. Differences in chemical-specific BSAFvalues were not observed in bivalves but were statisticallysignificant in fish. The HOCs with differing BSAF valueswere those known to be biotransformed. Sediment organiccarbon content and biota lipid content had no effect onBSAF values in fish and only a weak effect in bivalves. Thisstudy suggests that the BSAF model could be usefulunder in situ riverine conditions as a first-level screeningtool for predicting bioaccumulation; however, variabilityin BSAF values may impose limits on its utility.
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