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| - Modeling Atmospheric VegetationUptake of PBDEs Using FieldMeasurements
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| Abstract
| - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flameretardants used in a variety of consumables. Modelsindicate that air-vegetation exchange plays an importantrole in their global distribution. The present study surveyedPBDEs in spruce needles and air (gaseous and particulate-bound) over an annual cycle to model accumulation ofPBDEs in vegetation. Air-particulate distributions revealedthat penta and higher BDE congeners were mainlyassociated with particulates even in warmer temperatures,whereas for the tri- and tetra-BDE congeners, a significanttemperature dependence was observed. Using measuredvegetation and atmospheric concentrations from bud burst2004 to June 2005, a modeling concept was developedto determine PBDE deposition velocities to vegetation.Particulate-bound deposition velocity was calculated tobe 3.8 m/h. Net gaseous transfer velocities ranged from 2.4to 62.2 m/h and correlated significantly with log KOA.These derived values were used to model PBDE accumulationby vegetation through time, and these agreed well withmeasured values. This study provides the necessarybackground for modeling PBDE transport between air andconiferous vegetation globally.
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