| Abstract
| - An array of surface-immobilized proton-fueled DNA nanomachines is reversibly actuated by cyclingof the solution pH between 4.5 and 9, producing a conformational change between a four-stranded and adouble-stranded structure, which elongates or shortens the separation distance between the 5‘ and 3‘ endof the DNA. By labeling the DNA 3‘ end with a fluorophore and immobilizing it onto a thin-gold surfacethrough its 5‘ thiol modification, the nanoscale motion of the DNA produces mechanical work to lift up andbring down the fluorophore from the gold surface by at least 2.5 nm and transduces this motion into anoptical “on-and-off” nanoswitch.
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