| Attributs | Valeurs |
|---|
| type
| |
| Is Part Of
| |
| Subject
| |
| Title
| - Organo-Clay Formulation of Acetochlor for Reduced Movement inSoil
|
| has manifestation of work
| |
| related by
| |
| Author
| |
| Abstract
| - This study aimed to design ecologically acceptable formulations of acetochlor by adsorbing it onmontmorillonite exchanged by a small organic cation, phenyltrimethylammonium (PTMA). Adsorption of acetochlor on the clay mineral exchanged with different organic cations and its release fromthese complexes were determined by GC and modeled by Langmuir equation. Interactions betweenacetochlor molecules and the exchanged organic cation on the clay surface were studied by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy. Leaching of acetochlor in soil was determined by a bioassay usinga column technique and Setaria viridis as a test plant. The adsorbed amounts of acetochlor onmontmorillonite exchanged by PTMA at a loading of 0.5 mmol/g of clay were higher than at a loadingup to the cation-exchange capacity, i.e., 0.8 mmol/g, and were higher than obtained by using a claymineral exchanged by other organic cations. Preloading montmorillonite by PTMA at 0.5 mmol/gyielded maximal shifts of the infrared peaks of the herbicide. The above formulation of acetochloryielded slow release in water and showed improved weed control in field and greenhouse experimentsin comparison with the commercial formulation. The PTMA-clay formulation of acetochlor maintainedherbicidal activity in the topsoil and yielded the most significant reduction in herbicide leachingand persistence under field conditions. The application of this formulation can minimize the risk togroundwater and can reduce the applied rates. Keywords: Acetochlor; montmorillonite; organo-clay phenyltrimethylammonium; release; leaching;herbicidal activity
|
| article type
| |
| is part of this journal
| |
