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| - Antioxidative Activity of Heterocyclic Compounds Found inCoffee Volatiles Produced by Maillard Reaction
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| - Typical heterocyclic compounds substituted with various functional groups found in Maillard reactionproducts were examined for antioxidant activity. Pyrroles exhibited the greatest antioxidant activityamong all heterocyclic compounds tested. All pyrroles inhibited hexanal oxidation by almost 100%at a concentration of 50 μg/mL over 40 days. Addition of formyl and acetyl groups to a pyrrole ringenhanced antioxidative activity remarkably. Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 2-acetylpyrrole, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolecarboxaldehyde, and 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole inhibited hexanal oxidation by >80% at 10 μg/mL. Unsubstituted furan exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity among furans tested. Addition ofall functional groups used in this study to furan decreased antioxidative activity. The antioxidant activityof thiophene increased with the addition of methyl and ethyl groups, but the addition of formyl oracetyl groups to thiophene decreased antioxidant activity. Thiazoles and pyrazines were ineffectiveantioxidants at all concentrations tested. Reaction of all heterocyclic compounds with hydrogenperoxide resulted in the formation of various oxidized products. Keywords: Antioxidants; heterocyclic compounds; pyrroles; furans; thiophenes
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