| Abstract
| - A new HIV-inhibitory cyclic depsipeptide, neamphamide A (2), was isolated from a Papua New Guineacollection of the marine sponge Neamphius huxleyi. Its structure was established through interpretationof spectroscopic data and by acid hydrolysis, derivatization of the free amino acids, and LC-MS analysisof the derivatives. Neamphamide A (2) contains 11 amino acid residues and an amide-linked 3-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethylheptanoic acid moiety. The amino acid constituents were identified as l-Leu, l-NMeGln,d-Arg, d- and l-Asn, two residues of d-allo-Thr, l-homoproline, (3S,4R)-3,4-dimethyl-l-glutamine,β-methoxytyrosine, and 4-amino-7-guanidino-2,3-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. In a cell-based XTT assay, 2exhibited potent cytoprotective activity against HIV-1 infection with an EC50 of approximately 28 nM.
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