| Abstract
| - Bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors interact mainly with rRNA and to some extent ribosomal proteins, which arepotential targets for developing new antibacterial agents. Specifically, the ribosomal protein S4 of the 30s ribosomalsubunit known as ribosomal protein small-subunit D (rpsD) may be useful as a target. The antisense-rpsD gene-sensitizedtwo-plate assay led to the discovery of a novel chlorinated cyclopentandienylbenzopyrone antibiotic, coniothyrione,C14H9ClO6, isolated from Coniothyrium cerealis MF7209. It exhibited liquid MICs of 16−32 μg/mL againstStaphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalisand >64 μg/mL against Escherichia coli. Isolation, structure elucidation, and antibacterial activity of coniothyrione aredescribed.
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