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| - Use of Conducting Electroactive Polymers for Drug Delivery and Sensing of BioactiveMolecules. A Redox Chemistry Approach
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| - We have examined the properties of polypyrrole (PPy) as a model electroactive membrane which cansimultaneously serve as a medium sensing, and bioactive molecule releasing, material using opticalspectroscopic, potentiometric, and conductometric methods. In particular, PPy membranes can sense hydrazinein aqueous solution with linear logarithmic potentiometric and conductometric responses between 10-4 and10-1 M. The sensing properties of the PPy membranes are discussed in terms of both its redox properties andspecific acid−base behavior. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has been used as a model drug which is easilyloaded into PPy during electrochemical synthesis. ATP release processes from PPy/ATP membranes havebeen studied spectroscopically using electrochemical and chemical triggering. Electrochemical triggeringallowed ATP to be delivered with a variety of release profiles and adjustable rates (up to 20 μg cm-2 min-1for a 10 μm thick membrane). The mass transfer through the membranes has been successfully treated usinga simple diffusion model (D ∼ 5 × 10-9 cm2 s-1) and discussed with regards to the polymer's structure andpotential drug delivery device applications. Hydrazine (0.1 M) and alkaline medium (pH 12) have been usedas chemical triggers for ATP release from PPy/ATP membranes. The amount of ATP released was reducedrelative to the electrochemically released amount due to inhibited diffusion of reagents into the membranes.The release profiles have been established and demonstrate the viability of a controlled-delivery device usingconducting polymers.
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