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| - Variation of the Chemical Bonding Nature of LiMn2-xNixO4 Spinel Oxides uponDelithiation and Lithiation Reactions
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| - The effect of nickel substitution on the chemical bonding nature of spinel lithium manganate has beeninvestigated by performing comparative X-ray absorption spectroscopic analyses for Ni- and Cr-substitutedLiMn2-xMx O4 (M = Ni and Cr) compounds. The Mn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopic results presentedhere clarify that the replacement of Mn with Ni or Cr gives rise not only to the increase of the Mn oxidationstate but also to the suppression of the tetragonal distortion in cubic spinel lattice. From the extended X-rayabsorption fine structure analyses at the Ni and Cr K-edges, it has been confirmed that the substitution ofnickel ion induces lower structural stability of the spinel lattice compared to that of chromium ion. Especiallyfor the lithiated spinel phase, a remarkable tetragonal distortion is observed for the Ni-substituted case incontrast to the Cr-substituted one. On the basis of the present experimental findings, it is concluded that thesubstitution of Mn with Ni is less effective in stabilizing the cubic spinel lattice than that with Cr, which isresponsible for the inferior electrochemical performance of LiMn2-xNixO4.
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