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| - Vapor−Solid Growth of Sn Nanowires: Growth Mechanism and Superconductivity
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| - A noncatalytic and template-free vapor transport process has been employed to prepare single-crystalline Snnanowires with diameters of 10−20 nm. The growth of one-dimensional Sn nanowires follows the mechanismsimilar to the vapor−solid (V−S) mechanism. Two-dimensional square-shaped nanostructures were also foundto form in the region of lower deposition temperatures. The rich morphology may be attributed to thecompetition in growth rate among different crystallographic planes. Structural characterization with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that the nanowires and nanosquares grew in a preferentialdirection of [200]. The superconducting transition temperatures for Sn nanowires and Sn nanosquares wereabout 3.7 K, which was very close to that of bulk β-Sn. Magnetization measurements showed that the criticalmagnetic fields for both Sn nanowires and Sn nanosquares increased significantly as compared to that ofbulk Sn.
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