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| - Platinum/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Synthesized in Supercritical Fluid asElectrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells
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| - Carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized in supercritical carbondioxide (scCO2) using platinum(II) acetylacetonate as metal precursor. The structure of the catalysts has beencharacterized with transmission electron micrograph (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).TEM images show that the platinum particles' size is in the range of 5−10 nm. XPS analysis indicates thepresence of zero-valence platinum. The Pt−CNT exhibited high catalytic activity both for methanol oxidationand oxygen reduction reaction. The higher catalytic activity has been attributed to the large surface area ofcarbon nanotubes and the decrease in the overpotential for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction.Cyclic voltammetric measurements at different scan rates showed that the oxygen reduction reaction at thePt−CNT electrode is a diffusion-controlled process. Analysis of the electrode kinetics using Tafel plot suggeststhat Pt−CNT from scCO2 provides a strong electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction. For themethanol oxidation reaction, a high ratio of forward anodic peak current to reverse anodic peak current wasobserved at room temperature, which implies good oxidation of methanol to carbon dioxide on the Pt−CNTelectrode. This work demonstrates that Pt−CNT nanocomposites synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxideare effective electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells.
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