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| - Direct Measurement of iR-Free Individual-Electrode Overpotentials in Polymer ElectrolyteFuel Cells
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| Abstract
| - A method of measuring error-free potentials of individual electrodes directly in the polymer electrolyte fuelcell and under a full range of load is introduced. Successful measurement is accomplished by placing a referenceelectrode in ionic contact with the active layer of a fuel cell electrode of interest, that is, away from theelectrolyte membrane. Half-cell measurements with the proposed reference electrode configuration are comparedwith measurements in two other fuel-cell reference electrode arrangements to illustrate the conditions necessaryfor directly achieving correct measurement of potentials (overpotentials). Functioning of the fuel cell referenceelectrodes is explained through modeling of electrical potential and reactant distribution in the working fuelcell.
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