| Abstract
| - In this paper, we report the solar cell performance of titania (TiO2) film electrodes with various particle sizes.It was found that the TiO2 nanoparticle film with smaller particles ∼10 nm in diameter resulted in a loweroverall light conversion efficiency of ∼1.4% with an open-circuit voltage of ∼730 mV, a short-circuit currentdensity of ∼3.6 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of ∼54%. Larger particles ∼23 nm in diameter resulted in a higherefficiency ∼5.2% with an open-circuit voltage of ∼730 mV, a short-circuit current density of ∼12.2 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of ∼58%. Although it was anticipated that particles with smaller diameters wouldadsorb more dye because of their larger surface area, it was found that particles with larger diameters hadbetter dye adsorption for increased electron−hole generation, resulting in higher short-circuit current densityand overall light conversion efficiency. Larger particles were shown to have better dye adsorption, indicatingthat films consisting of larger particles had greater effective surface area for greater photon absorption andelectron−hole generation.
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