| Abstract
| - The number of graphene shells on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be rationally controlled to yield high-density, vertically aligned single- and double-walled CNTs. This was obtained by thermal chemical vapordeposition at 700 °C without the use of etching agents such as water, oxygen, or plasma. The key factors forthis success are controlled dissociative adsorption of acetylene (C2H2) molecules and subnanometer thicknesscontrol of the Al/Fe/Mo trilayer films. We propose that an Al concave meniscus confines the actual growthsurface areas of Fe/Mo catalytic nanoparticles and enables the control of the number of graphene shells onCNTs.
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