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| - Directed Movement of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells onGradient-Compliant Hydrogels
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| - Current solutions in the treatment of cardiovascular disease include angioplasty and the insertion ofstents, but a large number of these cases result in restenosis. Biomaterial coatings that control vascularsmooth muscle cell migration are therefore desirable. In this study, we describe a novel method to createsubstrata with defined gradients in mechanical compliance using photopolymerization and patterning.Cell speed was found to be 53 ± 2.6 μm/h on a substrate with a Young's modulus of 15 kPa compared to40 ± 3.1 μm/h for a 28 kPa substratum (P< 0.005). We demonstrate that vascular smooth muscle cellsundergo direct migration on radial-gradient-compliant substrata from soft to stiff regions of the substrateand that cells accumulate in the stiff regions after 24 h. Our results show that the pattern of the compliancegradient is important and that substrate compliance may be a key design parameter for modulation ofcell migration for vascular tissue engineering applications.
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