| Abstract
| - The condensation of calf thymus DNA into the cholesteric-like ψ-phase was observed by circular dichroismin liposome suspensions formulated with specific cationic gemini surfactants. The stereochemistry of thegemini spacer, the presence of specific functional groups, and the covalent link between the headgroupsare fundamental issues in the condensation of DNA. Transmission electron microscopy images showed amultilamellar morphology, which corresponds with condensation.
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