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| - ATR-FTIR Observations of Water Structure in Colloidal Silica: Implications for the Hydration Force Mechanism
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| - Attenuated total internal reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to probe thechange in water structure in silica colloids as a function of particle density. The absorption index (k) spectra werecalculated from the ATR spectra using the subtractive Kramers−Kronig transform in order to avoid the effects ofthe density-dependent refractive index on the raw spectra and allow direct comparison of the different chemicalenvironments. Normalized difference spectra were obtained by subtracting the k spectrum of bulk water from thoseof the silica colloids. At low particle densities, these difference spectra reveal the presence of a strongly hydrogen-bonded hydration layer at the surface of the colloidal particles. At higher particle densities, the hydrogen-bondingnetwork is increasingly disrupted. The results provide direct experimental evidence of hydrogen-bond breaking as themechanism for the hydration force, which provides the extraordinary stability of colloidal silica.
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