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| - The hydrodynamic function and leaflet dynamics of aortic and pulmonary roots and valves: an in vitro study
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| - Fresh homograft aortic and pulmonary roots were tested in a pulsatileflow simulator to assess their hydrodynamic function and leaflet openingcharacteristics. Simultaneous flow and pressure measurements were obtainedfor a range of cardiac outputs. The effective orifice area and regurgitantvolumes were calculated. The mean pressure difference across the pulmonaryroots was obtained under both left and right side pressures. A videorecording of valve leaflet function was also obtained for each valve. Acomparison was made with four porcine bioprosthetic heart valves (21 and 23mm). The mean pressure difference with respect to flow for the 21 mmHancock II and Intact porcine bioprostheses was significantly higher thanthat for all aortic roots tested. The 24 mm aortic root showedsignificantly lower pressure drop compared to all porcine valves tested.The mean pressure difference across each pulmonary root at pulmonarypressures was significantly greater than at systemic pressures. At systemicpressures the fully open leaflets had a triangular orifice with low leafletopen bending strains at the commissures. At the lower internal pressures,with reduced dilation of the root, higher bending strains were noted. Thesewere not as severe as seen in porcine valves.
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