In this paper the effects of beta blockade on renal haemodynamics are reviewed. Although renal blood flow often declines during treatment with beta-blocking drugs, in many cases it is possible to demonstrate relative or absolute vasodilation in the kidney. Renal vasoconstriction seems to be a predominant pattern in patients who do not exhibit a hypotensive response. The mechanism of the changes in renal vascular tone is still not fully understood. The renin-angiotensin system behaves only passively and cannot be held responsible. Evidence is presented that changes in local adrenergic activity may determine the response of the kidney to chronic beta blockade.