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| - The gene encoding the stem cell antigen, CD34, is conserved in mouse and expressed in haemopoietic progenitor cell lines, brain, and embryonic fibroblasts
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| - The human haemopoietic cell surface antigen, CD34, is a 105-120 kd cell surface glycoprotein whose stage-specificexpression by stem cells and lineage-specific progenitor cells suggests a role in regulating early events In blood cell differentiation. A murine gene and cDNA encoding a closely homologous protein have been isolated. The gene is organized In eight exons In 22 kb of DNA. The first exon lies in a GC- and CpG-rich island. The sequence of the gene and the cDNA predict a 382 amino acid-long protein containing an N-termlnal signal peptide and one transmembrane region 73 amino acids from the C-terminus. The extracellular part of the protein contains: a 140 amino acid-long-N-terminal region, 40% of whose residues are serine or threonine potential attachment sites for O-linked carbohydrate, as well as five potential attachment sites for N-llnked carbohydrate. Proximal to the extracellular membrane there is a 79 amino acid-long cystelne-rich region. The homology with the human sequence Is highest In the Intracellular domain (90% amino acid Identity) and lowest In the N-terminal region (43% amino acid identity). The protein is not homologous with any other proteins currently in the databases. The expression of the murine gene by a number of haemopoietic progenitor cell lines suggests that the CD34 function in haemopoiesis may be conserved between man and mouse. The high level of expression In a number of embryonic fibroblast cell lines and In brain Imply a function outside of haemopoiesis.
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