. . . . . . . . "On-Chip Transformation of Bacteria" . . . "On-chip transformation of Escherichia coli cells wasaccomplished for the first time using a microbial arraychip. The continuous E. coli transformation procedureswere performed on a chip in which the microcompartmentwas composed of PDMS microfluidic channels and asilicon substrate predeposited with different plasmidDNAs. The PDMS microfluidic device enabled the paralleltransformation of E. coli cells with various plasmid DNAsby separating each transformation area. The phenotypicdifferences reflecting different plasmid DNAs were identified by various approaches such as colorimetry, fluorometry, and electrochemical methods. This microbial arraychip could become a versatile tool for many cell biologicalapplications." . . . . . . . . . . .