| Abstract
| - A new organic-free mode of headspace liquid-phase microextraction termed headspace water-based liquid-phasemicroextraction has been developed. Five phenols wereused as model compounds in the development and evaluation of the procedure. Parameters affecting the extractionefficiency were investigated. Under optimal extractionconditions, very high enrichment factors were achieved.Since only water (with sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH)and a conventional microsyringe were used, this newtechnique is affordable, efficient, and convenient forextraction of volatile and semivolatile ionizable compounds. In addition, in combination with capillary electrophoresis, the entire analytical process is totally organicsolvent-free and is thus environmentally friendly.
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