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| - Bolaamphiphiles Promote Phospholipid Translocation AcrossVesicle Membranes
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| - A series of membrane-spanning bolaamphiphiles (molecules with two hydrophilic end groupsconnected by a hydrophobic linker) were prepared by a modular synthetic method and evaluated for theirabilities to affect the dynamics of a surrounding bilayer membrane. The goal was to determine if thebolaamphiphiles promote the translocation of phospholipids across vesicle membranes. The bolaamphiphileswere incorporated at low levels (up to 5 mol %) in vesicles composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC). Inward translocation assays were performed using fluorescent, NBD-labeledphospholipid probes with phosphocholine (PC) or phosphoglycerol (PG) headgroups. The membrane-spanning bolaamphiphiles promote the translocation of both phospholipid probes in the order PG > PC,whereas shorter bolaamphiphiles (structures that must adopt a U-shape and keep both end groups in thesame leaflet of the membrane), and regular amphiphiles with one hydrophilic end group, are inactive. Theseresults are an exception to the rule-of-thumb that membrane-spanning bolaamphiphiles are inherentlymembrane-stabilizing molecules that inhibit all types of membrane transport.
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