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| - Formation of Conjugated Linoleic Acids in Soybean Oil duringHydrogenation with a Nickel Catalyst As Affected by SulfurAddition
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| - The effects of sulfur addition on the formation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers were studiedduring the hydrogenation of soybean oil with a nonselective type nickel catalyst. Sulfur addition greatlypromoted CLA formation in soybean oil during hydrogenation. As the amount of sulfur increased toa certain level, the maximal quantity of CLA in soybean oil during hydrogenation increased greatly.However, further increase in sulfur addition above the certain level decreased CLA formation. Theoptimal sulfur level for the promotion of CLA formation differed greatly with the amount of nickelused. It was of great interest to find that the optimal ratio of sulfur to nickel for the promotion of CLAformation was always 0.06:1, regardless of the nickel amount used. At the same ratio of sulfur tonickel, higher nickel content induced significantly higher production of CLA (p< 0.05). At the optimalsulfur to nickel ratio, an increase in the nickel amount from 0.05 to 0.15% produced ∼1.5 times higherlevels of CLA during hydrogenation under the tested conditions. The CLA isomer compositions weregreatly affected by both sulfur addition and amounts of nickel used for treatment. This is the firstreport of the possibility that the total quantity of CLA and their isomer composition could be manipulatedduring hydrogenation by controlling the amounts of sulfur and nickel. Keywords: Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA); sulfur; soybean oil; CLA isomers; gas chromatography;hydrogenation; nickel catalyst
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