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| - Selective Separation of Peptides Contained in a Rapeseed(Brassica campestris L.) Protein Hydrolysate Using UF/NFMembranes
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| - The ability of a charged UF membrane to fractionate the small peptides found in a rapeseed proteinenzymatic hydrolysate, according to their charge characteristics, was investigated. The complexityof such a hydrolysate has required the setting up of technological alternatives to isolate the smallpeptides, to obtain a more efficient separation among the numerous peptide species. A preliminarystep consisted of precipitation followed by filtration with a 3000 g/mol molecular weight cutoff (MWCO)membrane to obtain a solution concentrated in small peptides. The possibility of fractionating thesesmall peptides by a charged 1000 g/mol MWCO membrane was investigated. The study enabled usto assess the contribution of electrostatic interactions during fractionation. The effect of pH and ionicstrength on the peptide transmission was studied. The ionic strength contribution was considered bystudying the effect on the selectivity of a desalting step by nanofiltration on a 500 g/mol MWCOmembrane. Peptide transmission was lower at pH 9 than pH 4, and it was the lowest at pH 9 and lowionic strength. Ionic strength had a significant influence at pH 9 but showed no influence at pH 4.The amino acid analysis and capillary electrophoresis revealed that negatively charged (acid) peptideswere found in lower proportions in the permeate. The opposite trend was observed for basic peptides,whereas neutral peptides were found in the same proportion in the retentate and the permeate. Theseresults can be explained, according to the Donnan theory, by the existence of attractive and repulsiveforces at the membrane−solution interface. Selectivity between basic and acid peptides was as highas 1.90 at pH 9 and low ionic strength. A rough sketch of a membrane-based process is proposedto fractionate rapeseed peptide mixtures. Results obtained were reproducible within 10%. Keywords: Rapeseed protein hydrolysate; Brassica campestris L.; ultrafiltration; nanofiltration; peptide;fractionation selectivity
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