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| - Structural Changes of Polyacetylenes in American GinsengRoot Can Be Observed in Situ by Using Raman Spectroscopy
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| Abstract
| - The presented results show the special advantage of Raman spectroscopy in the investigation ofpolyacetylenes in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) roots. The compounds are measureddirectly in the plant tissue without any preliminary sample preparation. The polyacetylene signal isstrong and well-separated from other bands so the spectral impact of the surrounding biological matrixcan be clearly distinguished. The Raman spectrum taken in situ from the fresh ginseng root revealeda characteristic polyacetylene key band at 2237 cm-1 whereas in the spectrum obtained from driedroot this band was shifted to about 2258 cm-1. The latter is in good agreement with signals obtainedfrom isolated standards, falcarinol (2258 cm-1) and panaxydol (2260 cm-1), occurring as predominantpolyacetylenes in this species. The shift of the polyacetylene band observed in root extracts or at acertain stage of root drying indicates the molecular modification of polyacetylenes resulting from theloss of water. Furthermore, it was found that the process upon root hydration is reversible as theshift of polyacetylene band from 2258 to 2237 cm-1 is observed. An explanation of this phenomenoncan be an interaction of polyacetylene molecules with plant components in the presence of watermolecules forming a stable entity in situ that is broken after dehydration (loss of water) of the freshginseng root. Application of the Raman mapping technique to ginseng roots of different size showedthat the content of both main polyacetylenes decreases with increasing root size in accordance withquantitative high-performance liquid chromatography data. Keywords: Panax quinquefolium; FT-Raman; mapping; falcarinol; panaxydol; nondestructive analysis;in situ
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