| Abstract
| - In the present study, the effects of extracts and polyphenol-rich fractions as well as monomerpolyphenols identified in them, from both red and white grapes, on mitomycin C (MMC) inducedsister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes were investigated. Thegrape extracts and two of the three polyphenol-rich fractions promoted MMC-induced SCEs atconcentrations from 75 to 300 μg/mL. However, none of the extracts or fractions alone induced SCEs.Thus, these results suggest caution especially with regard to the use of grape extracts as dietarysupplements. On the other hand, the fact that these extracts were not genotoxic alone may indicatea selective activity against genetically damaged cells. This is the first study regarding the clastogeniceffects of grape extracts in human cells. Moreover, from the tested polyphenols, caffeic acid, gallicacid, and rutin hydrate enhanced MMC-induced clastogenicity, whereas ferulic acid, protocatechuicacid, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and trans-resveratrol had no effect at concentrations between 5and 100 μM. The differences in the chemical structures of the tested polyphenols may account fortheir differential effects on MMC clastogenicity. Keywords: Grape extracts; Vitis vinifera; plant polyphenols; mitomycin C; human lymphocytes; sisterchromatid exchanges
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