The coupling of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) to the surface plasmon (SP) modes of nanohole arraysin a metal film was demonstrated for the first time, showing enhancement in the spontaneous emission by 2orders of magnitude. The SP-enhanced transmission resonances of the nanohole arrays were tuned aroundthe photoluminescence (PL) peak of polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA)-stabilized cadmium sulfide(CdS) quantum dots (QDs) in contact with the arrays. As a result the overall PL from the SP−QD systemwas enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude, even after excluding the enhanced transmission of the nanoholearray without the QDs. The maximum enhancement occurred when the resonance from the nanohole arraymatched the QD PL spectrum. Time-resolved PL measurements were used to estimate the relative contributionof different physical mechanisms to the enhanced spontaneous emission. The increased spontaneous emissionin the SP−QD system is promising for prospective plasmonic light-emitting devices incorporating QDs.