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| - Diffusioosmosis of Electrolyte Solutions along a ChargedPlane Wall
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| Abstract
| - The steady diffusioosmotic flow of an electrolyte solution along a dielectric plane wall caused by animposed tangential concentration gradient is analytically examined. The plane wall may have either aconstant surface potential or a constant surface charge density of an arbitrary quantity. The electric doublelayer adjacent to the charged wall may have an arbitrary thickness, and its electrostatic potential distributionis determined by the Poisson−Boltzmann equation. The macroscopic electric field along the tangentialdirection induced by the imposed electrolyte concentration gradient is obtained as a function of the lateralposition. A closed-form formula for the fluid velocity profile is derived as the solution of a modified Navier−Stokes equation. The direction of the diffusioosmotic flow relative to the concentration gradient is determinedby the combination of the zeta potential of the wall and the properties of the electrolyte solution. For agiven concentration gradient of an electrolyte along a plane wall, the magnitude of fluid velocity at aposition in general increases with an increase in its electrokinetic distance from the wall, but there areexceptions. The effect of the lateral distribution of the induced tangential electric field in the double layeron the diffusioosmotic flow is found to be very significant and cannot be ignored.
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