| Abstract
| - A novel class of gemini pyridinium surfactants with a four-methylene spacer group was synthesized, and theirsurface-active properties and interactions with polyacrylamide (PAM) were evaluated by surface tension, fluorescence,and viscosity measurements. A comparison between the gemini pyridinium surfactants and their corresponding monomerswas also made. The cmc's of gemini pyridinium surfactants are much lower than those of the corresponding monomericsurfactants. The C20 value is about one order of magnitude lower than that of corresponding monomers, and the longerthe hydrophobic chains of the surfactants, the lower the cmc value. Surface tension measurements of the surfactant−PAM mixed systems show that the critical aggregation concentration (cac) value is much lower than the cmc valueof the surfactant system alone. Viscosity measurements of the surfactant−PAM mixed systems show that the relativeviscosity of the surfactant−PAM system decreased with increasing concentration of surfactant. Additionally, fluorescencemeasurements of the surfactant−PAM mixed system suggest the formation of surfactant−polymer aggregates, andthe gemini pyridinium surfactant with longer hydrophobic chains have a stronger interaction with PAM, owing tothe stronger hydrophobic interaction.
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