| Abstract
| - Pectinolytic and cellulolytic enzymes (Pectinase 62L, Pectinase 690L, and Cellulase CO13P) wereused to evaluate the solubilization of carbohydrates and low molecular weight flavonoids from bergamotpeel, a major byproduct of the essential oil industry. The enzymes were characterized for main-chainand side-chain polysaccharide hydrolyzing activities and also against pure samples of variousflavonoids previously identified in bergamot peel to determine various glycosidase activities. Theaddition of Pectinase 62L or 690L alone, or the combination of Pectinase 62L and Cellulase CO13P,was capable of solubilizing between 70 and 80% of the bergamot peel, and up to 90% of the flavonoidglycosides present were cleaved to their aglycones. Cellulase CO13P alone solubilized 62% of thepeel but had no deglycosylating effect on the flavonoid glycosides. Over a 24-h time course, a rapidrelease of cell wall carbohydrates was observed after treatment with Pectinase 62L, with a concurrentgradual hydrolysis of the flavonoid glycosides. Size-exclusion chromatography of the solubilized extractshowed that after 24-h incubation, the majority of the solubilized carbohydrates were present asmonosaccharides with a smaller proportion of oligosaccharides. Keywords: Citrus bergamia; peel; byproducts; fungal hydrolytic enzymes; flavanone glycosides;oligosaccharides; bioavailability
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