| Abstract
| - It is generally believed that the French paradox is related tothe consumption of red wine and not other varieties of wine, includingwhite wine or champagne. Some recent studies have indicated that whitewine could also be as cardioprotective as red wine. The present investigationcompares the cardioprotective abilities of red wine, white wine, andtheir principal cardioprotective constituents. Different groups ofrats were gavaged with red wine, white wine, resveratrol, tyrosol,and hydroxytyrosol. Red wine and its constituent resveratrol and whitewine and its constituents tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol all showed differentdegrees of cardioprotection as evidenced by their abilities to improvepostischemic ventricular performance, reduce myocardial infarct sizeand cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and reduce peroxide formation. It wasdiscovered in this study that although each of the wines and theircomponents increased the enzymatic activities of the mitochondrialcomplex (I−IV) and citrate synthase, which play very importantroles in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis, some of thegroups were more complex-specific in inducing the activity comparedto the other groups. Cardioprotective ability was further confirmedby increased expression of phospho-Akt, Bcl-2, eNOS, iNOS, COX-1,COX-2, Trx-1, Trx-2, and HO-1. The results of this study suggest thatwhite wine can provide cardioprotection similar to red wine if itis rich in tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol.
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