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Low-dose rosiglitazone plus metformin reduces risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with placebo in people with impaired glucose tolerance
In diabetic nephropathy, high doses of vitamin B decrease glomerular filtration rate and increase risk of the composite outcome of a vascular event or all-cause mortality compared with placebo
Lowering systolic blood pressure below 130 mm Hg does not improve cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease
Does antiviral medication for treating herpes simplex during pregnancy increase the risk of birth defects in offspring?
Statins are not associated with a decrease in all cause mortality in a high-risk primary prevention setting
Odds of favourable 3-month outcome following ischaemic stroke are greatest when treatment with intravenous alteplase is initiated up to 90 min following event, with no benefit seen if alteplase is given after 270 min
Meta-analysis finds screening for prostate cancer with PSA does not reduce prostate cancer-related or all-cause mortality but results likely due to heterogeneity - the two highest quality studies identified do find prostate cancer-related mortality reductions
In people with poorly controlled hypertension, self-management including telemonitoring is more effective than usual care for reducing systolic blood pressure at 6 and 12 months
Long-term use of oral bisphosphonates increases the risk of oesophageal but not gastric or colorectal cancer
Purpose and procedure
Large placebo-controlled RCT in myocardial infarction survivors finds that daily folic acid and vitamin B12 have no effect on risk of major vascular event
Resource review on: How to Read a Paper - the Basics of Evidence Based Medicine. Fourth edition. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell 2010
Allergen-specific immunotherapy improves asthma symptoms compared with placebo, but the possibility of adverse effects should be considered
EBM round-up: February 2011
Pregabalin is more effective than placebo for restless legs syndrome with mild adverse effects of daytime somnolence, headache and unsteadiness
In people with subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH level >10 mIU/l may predict increased risk of coronary heart disease and related mortality
Proton pump inhibitors given before endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding do not improve survival, rebleeding or need for surgery
An automated molecular test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin (Xpert MTB/RIF) is sensitive and can be carried out in less than 2 h
Increased consumption of green leafy vegetables, but not fruit, vegetables or fruit and vegetables combined, is associated with reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes
Worldwide evidence-based medicine activities
Nateglinide does not reduce the incidence of diabetes or cardiovascular outcomes in people with impaired glucose tolerance and cardiovascular disease or risk factors
Prognostic value of CRP in stable coronary artery disease unclear due to a variety of biases in existing studies, therefore no clinical practice recommendations can be made
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